Indonesian Green Energy: Water, Solar and Wind Energy for Indonesian Better Future

Indonesian Green Energy:

Water, Solar and Wind Energy for Indonesian Better Future

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Energy has an important role in achieving economic and social objectives for environmentally sustainable development. Increased energy needs in Indonesia is growing rapidly along with economic and population growth. Unfortunately, the fulfillment of energy in Indonesia is still dominated by non-renewable fuels and environmentally unfriendly. Though Indonesia has several potential renewable resources to meet national energy needs are more environmentally friendly, more efficient and reliability to support the sustainable development including solar energy, wind energy and water energy

Sustainable development in various sectors should be developed to meet the needs of a massive welfare of Indonesia's population of 237 million inhabitants with a growth rate of 1:49% ¹. High population growth followed by economic growth characterized by the growth of industrial premises in Indonesia, Badan Pusat Statistika (Indonesian Statistics Center) recorded that in 2012 there were 23.257 companies in Indonesia engaged in a wide range of sectors. Economic and population growth in Indonesia led to increase the energy  needs, Indonesian Research and Technology Ministry predicts that the demand for energy in Indonesia will increase 2.5-fold by 2020, reaching 1680 million BOE / Barrels of Equivalent (304 GWyr) of the requirement in 2002 of 674 million BOE (122 GWyr) with an annual growth rate of 5.2% ². Increasing in Indonesia's energy needs requires Indonesia to import fuel and crude oil to meet energy needs. In 2002 the import of fuel in Indonesia reached 126.8 BOE and will increase to 797.7 million BOE²

The data show that by 2012 80% of energy needs in Indonesia met by petroleum³. The use of fuel as a primary energy source in Indonesia will lead to an increase in exhaust emissions of combustion products such as CO₂ from 183.1 million tons in 2002 to 584.9 million tons in 2020² In addition to air pollution caused by emissions result from fuel combustion also a source of energy that non-renewable, thus allowing these energy sources will be exhausted. Fuel into the main energy source used in Indonesia because the price is relatively cheaper than other energy sources as a result of government subsidies of $ 6.4 billion⁴.Subsidies amount of fuel that is high enough actually will be more useful if used for education, health and other public services.

In fact, Indonesia is a country that has a many reliable source of energy, sustainable, renewable and efficient. First, the location of Indonesia, which is located on the equator has large and stable sunlight intensity  throughout the year so that the intensity of energy obtained from solar energy reaches 1 kW/m2 at peak times and can be used as an alternative energy source³. Indonesia has a land area of ​​nearly 2 million km2 with long sun shines more than 6 hours a day³. Secondly, the geographical condition of Indonesia makes the wind patterns are manifold and can also be used as a source of energy. Wind energy Potential in Indonesia reached 48 GW, but only used 0.5 MW ^5. Third, Indonesia's geological conditions are islands and mountains makes Indonesia has many water flow from the river to the sea as a source of energy, according to data from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Indonesia potential energy water in Indonesia reached 75 GW, but only used by 4.2 GW.

The utilization of this renewable energy resource; solar energy, water energy and wind energy can reduce the use of energy from fuel that causes pollution and non-renewable. So that will supply the Indonesian energy supply continues to increase for sustainable development.-maz

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